	{"id":68117,"date":"2022-10-03T09:47:50","date_gmt":"2022-10-03T08:47:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/?post_type=blog&#038;p=68117"},"modified":"2024-09-20T17:45:51","modified_gmt":"2024-09-20T16:45:51","slug":"forecasting-something-that-never-happened-how-we-estimated-past-promotions-profitability-2","status":"publish","type":"blog","link":"https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/br\/blog\/forecasting-something-that-never-happened-how-we-estimated-past-promotions-profitability-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Previs\u00e3o de algo que nunca aconteceu: como estimamos a lucratividade de promo\u00e7\u00f5es passadas"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:calc( 1440px + 20px );margin-left: calc(-20px \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-20px \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:10px;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:10px;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:10px;--awb-spacing-left-medium:10px;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:10px;--awb-spacing-left-small:10px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-1 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-three\" style=\"--awb-margin-bottom-small:8px;\"><h3 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:20;line-height:1.2;\">Um guia sobre como usar a previs\u00e3o contrafactual para estimar o custo-benef\u00edcio de promo\u00e7\u00f5es passadas na loja no varejo.<\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-2 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling article-author\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-background-color:#ffffff;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:calc( 1440px + 20px );margin-left: calc(-20px \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-20px \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:50%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:10px;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:10px;--awb-width-medium:50%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:10px;--awb-spacing-left-medium:10px;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:10px;--awb-spacing-left-small:10px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-2 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\" style=\"--awb-margin-bottom-small:8px;\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:50;line-height:1.2;\">Autor<\/h2><\/div><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27150%27%20height%3D%270%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20150%200%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27150%27%20height%3D%270%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/luca-serr.jpeg\" alt=\"Image\" class=\"lazyload artefact-elegant-image align-left article-author-image\" style=\"width: 150px; border-radius: 54% 46% 77% 23% \/ 74% 40% 60% 26%; overflow: hidden;\" width=\"150\" height=\"auto\" \/><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-3 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-three article-author-name-title\" style=\"--awb-margin-bottom-small:8px;\"><h3 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:20;line-height:1.2;\">Luca SERRA<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1 article-author-description\" style=\"--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>Data Cientista<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-3 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-margin-top:40px;--awb-margin-bottom:40px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-center fusion-flex-justify-content-center fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:calc( 1440px + 20px );margin-left: calc(-20px \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-20px \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-2 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column fusion-flex-align-self-center fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:20px;--awb-padding-right:20px;--awb-padding-bottom:20px;--awb-padding-left:20px;--awb-overflow:hidden;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-border-color:rgba(10,17,40,0.1);--awb-border-top:1px;--awb-border-right:1px;--awb-border-bottom:1px;--awb-border-left:1px;--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-border-radius:4px 4px 4px 4px;--awb-inner-bg-border-radius:4px 4px 4px 4px;--awb-inner-bg-overflow:hidden;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:10px;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:10px;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:10px;--awb-spacing-left-medium:10px;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:10px;--awb-spacing-left-small:10px;\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/artefact-engineering-and-data-science\/forecasting-something-that-never-happened-how-we-estimated-past-promotions-profitability-5f55cfa1d477\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-center fusion-content-layout-row fusion-flex-align-items-center\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2\"><p><u>Leia nosso artigo sobre<\/u><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-element\" style=\"--awb-margin-right:20px;--awb-margin-left:20px;--awb-max-width:150px;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\"fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-1 hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"4000\" height=\"992\" title=\"M\u00e9dio Blog\" src=\"https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Medium-Blog.png\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Medium-Blog.png\" alt class=\"lazyload img-responsive wp-image-60582\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%274000%27%20height%3D%27992%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%204000%20992%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%274000%27%20height%3D%27992%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Medium-Blog-200x50.png 200w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Medium-Blog-400x99.png 400w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Medium-Blog-600x149.png 600w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Medium-Blog-800x198.png 800w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Medium-Blog-1200x298.png 1200w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Medium-Blog.png 4000w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 4000px\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-3\"><p>.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-4 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:calc( 1440px + 20px );margin-left: calc(-20px \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-20px \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-3 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:10px;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:10px;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:10px;--awb-spacing-left-medium:10px;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:10px;--awb-spacing-left-small:10px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-4 description\" style=\"--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>Durante um projeto real de tr\u00eas meses, desenvolvemos e industrializamos um modelo de previs\u00e3o contrafactual (primeiro usando o Prophet e depois o XGBoost) para avaliar o desempenho de promo\u00e7\u00f5es passadas na loja de uma cadeia de lojas, para ajudar os planejadores de demanda em suas escolhas de campanhas promocionais.<\/p>\n<p>Esse modelo \u00e9 treinado e, em seguida, prev\u00ea vendas hipot\u00e9ticas (chamadas de linha de base) no passado, caso n\u00e3o tivesse havido nenhuma promo\u00e7\u00e3o. A diferen\u00e7a entre as vendas reais da promo\u00e7\u00e3o e essa linha de base fornece as vendas incrementais, que chamamos de uplift.<\/p>\n<p>Gra\u00e7as aos recursos temporais criados manualmente, alcan\u00e7amos uma precis\u00e3o de previs\u00e3o de quase 90%.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><article class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-5 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-justify-content-center fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:calc( 1440px + 20px );margin-left: calc(-20px \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-20px \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-4 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:10px;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:10px;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:10px;--awb-spacing-left-medium:10px;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:10px;--awb-spacing-left-small:10px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-4 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\" style=\"--awb-margin-bottom-small:8px;\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:50;line-height:1.2;\">Contexto empresarial<\/p><\/h2><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-5\" style=\"--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p id=\"349b\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Ao planejar futuras campanhas promocionais, os planejadores de demanda precisam decidir quais sortimentos de produtos ser\u00e3o descontados, com um determinado mecanismo promocional (por exemplo, \u201c-15%\u201d, \u201ccompre 2, ganhe 1 gr\u00e1tis\u201d etc.).<\/p>\n<p id=\"3de9\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Essas s\u00e3o decis\u00f5es dif\u00edceis, pois:<\/p>\n<\/div><ul style=\"--awb-line-height:27.2px;--awb-icon-width:27.2px;--awb-icon-height:27.2px;--awb-icon-margin:11.2px;--awb-content-margin:38.4px;\" class=\"fusion-checklist fusion-checklist-1 fusion-checklist-default type-icons paddingList dark-text\"><li class=\"fusion-li-item\" style=\"\"><span class=\"icon-wrapper circle-no\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon awb-icon-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-li-item-content\">Optar por\u00a0<strong>excesso de promo\u00e7\u00f5es<\/strong>\u00a0seria\u00a0<strong>n\u00e3o ser<\/strong>\u00a0e\u00a0<strong>eficaz<\/strong>\u00a0(os clientes se acostumar\u00e3o com as promo\u00e7\u00f5es e tender\u00e3o a esperar pela pr\u00f3xima).<\/div><\/li><li class=\"fusion-li-item\" style=\"\"><span class=\"icon-wrapper circle-no\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon awb-icon-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-li-item-content\">Escolhendo o\u00a0<strong>promo\u00e7\u00f5es erradas<\/strong>\u00a0resultaria em d\u00e9ficits e\u00a0<strong>perdas<\/strong>.<\/div><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-6\" style=\"--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>Para a maioria das empresas de varejo, o\u00a0<strong>escolhas de campanha<\/strong>\u00a0s\u00e3o feitas\u00a0<strong class=\"jy iz\">com base em seu conhecimento do neg\u00f3cio<\/strong>\u00a0e o\u00a0<em>desempenho de promo\u00e7\u00f5es anteriores<\/em>. No entanto, o \u201c<strong>desempenho<\/strong>\u00a0de promo\u00e7\u00f5es anteriores\u201d \u00e9\u00a0<strong>dif\u00edcil de estimar<\/strong>. De fato, as campanhas promocionais aumentam as vendas (na maioria dos casos), mas como estimar a efici\u00eancia ou o retorno sobre o investimento (ROI) se n\u00e3o sabemos quais teriam sido as vendas sem uma promo\u00e7\u00e3o? Esse valor hipot\u00e9tico das vendas sem promo\u00e7\u00e3o pode ser chamado de\u00a0<em>linha de base<\/em>. Em outras palavras, trata-se de ser capaz de estimar o\u00a0<strong>vendas incrementais<\/strong>\u00a0(ou\u00a0<em>eleva\u00e7\u00e3o<\/em>) de uma campanha promocional, correspondente ao\u00a0<strong>vendas reais<\/strong>,\u00a0<strong>menos a linha de base<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Para responder a essa pergunta, criamos uma ferramenta capaz de estimar o aumento das vendas promocionais de campanhas anteriores, com uma precis\u00e3o de quase 90%.<br \/>\nEssa tarefa \u00e9 bastante desafiadora, pois o objetivo \u00e9 fazer previs\u00f5es de\u00a0<em>hipot\u00e9tico<\/em>\u00a0vendas em outra situa\u00e7\u00e3o (aqui, se a campanha promocional n\u00e3o tivesse ocorrido para um determinado produto). Isso pode ser chamado de \u201c<em>previs\u00e3o contrafactual<\/em>\u201d. Este artigo baseia-se principalmente em nossa experi\u00eancia em um projeto que realizamos para uma rede de lojas francesa.<\/p>\n<p>Seu objetivo \u00e9 descrever a abordagem que usamos, dar dicas e advert\u00eancias ao implementar uma solu\u00e7\u00e3o de previs\u00e3o contrafactual (<em>Prepara\u00e7\u00e3o data<\/em>,\u00a0<em>modelagem<\/em>), explique o\u00a0<em>avalia\u00e7\u00e3o<\/em>\u00a0processo e, por fim, discutir o\u00a0<em>limites<\/em>\u00a0e\u00a0<em>pr\u00f3ximos passos<\/em>\u00a0para essa abordagem.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-5 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\" style=\"--awb-margin-bottom-small:8px;\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:50;line-height:1.2;\">O que \u00e9 previs\u00e3o contrafactual e por que \u00e9 dif\u00edcil de prever?<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-7\" style=\"--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>A previs\u00e3o contrafactual \u00e9 o processo de prever algo na forma:\u00a0<em class=\"mf\">O que seria\u00a0<\/em>X<em class=\"mf\">\u00a0como seria se n\u00e3o tivesse havido\u00a0<\/em>Y. Em nosso caso de uso,\u00a0<em>X<\/em>\u00a0seria a equipe de vendas e\u00a0<em>Y<\/em>\u00a0seria uma campanha promocional.<\/p>\n<p>Na verdade, existem\u00a0<strong>v\u00e1rios campos<\/strong>\u00a0onde esse processo pode ser aplicado:\u00a0<strong>falta de estoque<\/strong>\u00a0(estimar o d\u00e9ficit devido \u00e0 falta de itens em estoque), qualquer\u00a0<strong>eventos especiais que n\u00e3o duram muito tempo<\/strong>\u00a0(Covid: n\u00e3o funciona!) para ter data suficiente para estimar esse contrafactual.<\/p>\n<p>O problema da promo\u00e7\u00e3o pode ser abordado em tr\u00eas \u00e2ngulos (ordenados por dificuldade crescente):<\/p>\n<\/div><ul style=\"--awb-line-height:27.2px;--awb-icon-width:27.2px;--awb-icon-height:27.2px;--awb-icon-margin:11.2px;--awb-content-margin:38.4px;\" class=\"fusion-checklist fusion-checklist-2 fusion-checklist-default type-icons\"><li class=\"fusion-li-item\" style=\"\"><span class=\"icon-wrapper circle-no\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon awb-icon-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-li-item-content\">\n<p>1. <strong>Compreens\u00e3o de promo\u00e7\u00f5es anteriores:<\/strong> estimar com uma abordagem completa o desempenho (aumento de vendas ou ROI, por exemplo) de campanhas promocionais anteriores.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><li class=\"fusion-li-item\" style=\"\"><span class=\"icon-wrapper circle-no\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon awb-icon-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-li-item-content\">\n<p>2. <strong>Previs\u00e3o <\/strong>o <strong>desempenho <\/strong>de <strong>promo\u00e7\u00e3o futura<\/strong>\u00a0campanhas de acordo com suas caracter\u00edsticas (produtos com desconto, datas de in\u00edcio e t\u00e9rmino, mecanismo...)<\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><li class=\"fusion-li-item\" style=\"\"><span class=\"icon-wrapper circle-no\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon awb-icon-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-li-item-content\">\n<p>3. <strong>Otimiza\u00e7\u00e3o do plano de promo\u00e7\u00f5es<\/strong>O senhor pode fazer o seguinte: encontrar a melhor configura\u00e7\u00e3o de promo\u00e7\u00f5es futuras para maximizar uma m\u00e9trica de neg\u00f3cios.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-8\" style=\"--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>Neste artigo,\u00a0<em>vamos nos concentrar na primeira etapa<\/em>\u00a0pois esse era o objetivo do nosso projeto. No entanto, daremos alguns insights sobre como lidar com os dois pr\u00f3ximos, nas se\u00e7\u00f5es a seguir.<\/p>\n<p>H\u00e1 dois motivos principais que tornam a tarefa de previs\u00e3o contrafactual um processo desafiador:<\/p>\n<\/div><ul style=\"--awb-line-height:27.2px;--awb-icon-width:27.2px;--awb-icon-height:27.2px;--awb-icon-margin:11.2px;--awb-content-margin:38.4px;\" class=\"fusion-checklist fusion-checklist-3 fusion-checklist-default type-icons paddingList dark-text\"><li class=\"fusion-li-item\" style=\"\"><span class=\"icon-wrapper circle-no\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon awb-icon-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-li-item-content\">\n<p>H\u00e1 um <strong>escassez de literatura ou exemplos<\/strong>\u00a0sobre o assunto, embora seja muito \u00fatil no varejo e em outros setores.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><li class=\"fusion-li-item\" style=\"\"><span class=\"icon-wrapper circle-no\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon awb-icon-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-li-item-content\">\n<p>Na previs\u00e3o contrafactual,\u00a0<strong>n\u00e3o h\u00e1 verdade fundamental<\/strong>, O senhor pode ter certeza de que o desempenho \u00e9 muito bom, pois \u00e9 algo que n\u00e3o aconteceu. Assim, a avalia\u00e7\u00e3o do desempenho parece bastante dif\u00edcil (felizmente, criamos uma abordagem que ser\u00e1 apresentada na se\u00e7\u00e3o Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-6 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\" style=\"--awb-margin-bottom-small:8px;\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:50;line-height:1.2;\">Abordagem proposta<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-9\" style=\"--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p id=\"d547\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">A abordagem que usamos para criar nossa ferramenta \u00e9 a seguinte:<\/p>\n<\/div><ul style=\"--awb-line-height:27.2px;--awb-icon-width:27.2px;--awb-icon-height:27.2px;--awb-icon-margin:11.2px;--awb-content-margin:38.4px;\" class=\"fusion-checklist fusion-checklist-4 fusion-checklist-default type-icons paddingList dark-text\"><li class=\"fusion-li-item\" style=\"\"><span class=\"icon-wrapper circle-no\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon awb-icon-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-li-item-content\">\n<p>1. <strong>Trem<\/strong>\u00a0uma previs\u00e3o\u00a0<strong>modelo em datas fora da promo\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong>, O senhor pode usar a ferramenta de vendas para obter uma linha de base de como as vendas devem ser sem nenhuma promo\u00e7\u00e3o programada.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><li class=\"fusion-li-item\" style=\"\"><span class=\"icon-wrapper circle-no\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon awb-icon-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-li-item-content\">\n<p>2. <strong>Prever<\/strong>\u00a0em todos os pontos do data (na verdade, apenas as previs\u00f5es durante a promo\u00e7\u00e3o s\u00e3o usadas, mas pode ser bom manter as previs\u00f5es em todos os lugares para fins de interpreta\u00e7\u00e3o).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><li class=\"fusion-li-item\" style=\"\"><span class=\"icon-wrapper circle-no\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon awb-icon-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-li-item-content\">\n<p>3. <strong>Comparar<\/strong>\u00a0que previu a linha de base para as vendas reais durante cada promo\u00e7\u00e3o para inferir seu aumento.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"fusion-image-element\" style=\"--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\"fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-2 hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1400\" height=\"788\" title=\"artigo-m\u00e9dio1\" src=\"https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/article-medium1.png\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/article-medium1.png\" alt class=\"lazyload img-responsive wp-image-68120\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271400%27%20height%3D%27788%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201400%20788%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271400%27%20height%3D%27788%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/article-medium1-200x113.png 200w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/article-medium1-400x225.png 400w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/article-medium1-600x338.png 600w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/article-medium1-800x450.png 800w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/article-medium1-1200x675.png 1200w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/article-medium1.png 1400w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 1400px\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-10\" style=\"--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p><em>Observa\u00e7\u00e3o importante<\/em>: O objetivo \u00e9 usar as previs\u00f5es durante os per\u00edodos de promo\u00e7\u00e3o, que est\u00e3o no passado. Isso ocorre porque essa tarefa \u00e9 uma\u00a0<strong><em>a posteriori<\/em>\u00a0an\u00e1lise<\/strong>\u00a0que, ao contr\u00e1rio da previs\u00e3o cl\u00e1ssica, \u00e9\u00a0<strong>poss\u00edvel treinar em datas que sejam\u00a0<em>ap\u00f3s<\/em>\u00a0o per\u00edodo de infer\u00eancia<\/strong>, correspondente \u00e0 campanha promocional. N\u00e3o h\u00e1 no\u00e7\u00e3o de vazamento de data aqui, pois tentamos explicar um fen\u00f4meno que aconteceu no passado. Portanto, o fluxo de trabalho de treinamento e infer\u00eancia \u00e9 o seguinte:<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-element\" style=\"--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\"fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-3 hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1400\" height=\"811\" title=\"Artigo-m\u00e9dio2\" src=\"https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Article-medium2.png\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Article-medium2.png\" alt class=\"lazyload img-responsive wp-image-68125\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271400%27%20height%3D%27811%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201400%20811%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271400%27%20height%3D%27811%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Article-medium2-200x116.png 200w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Article-medium2-400x232.png 400w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Article-medium2-600x348.png 600w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Article-medium2-800x463.png 800w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Article-medium2-1200x695.png 1200w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Article-medium2.png 1400w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 1400px\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-7 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\" style=\"--awb-margin-bottom-small:8px;\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:50;line-height:1.2;\">Implementa\u00e7\u00e3o<\/p><\/h2><\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-8 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-three\" style=\"--awb-margin-bottom-small:8px;\"><h3 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:20;line-height:1.2;\">Prepara\u00e7\u00e3o do data<\/p><\/h3><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-11\" style=\"--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>Para resolver o problema da promo\u00e7\u00e3o, \u00e9 preciso usar o formato data adequado. Normalmente, temos acesso a dois tipos de data:<\/p>\n<p><strong>1. Promocional data<\/strong>\u00a0(informa\u00e7\u00f5es descritivas relacionadas a promo\u00e7\u00f5es)<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. Vendas data<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-element\" style=\"--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\"fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-4 hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1400\" height=\"385\" title=\"artigo-m\u00e9dio3\" src=\"https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/article-medium3.png\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/article-medium3.png\" alt class=\"lazyload img-responsive wp-image-68126\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271400%27%20height%3D%27385%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201400%20385%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271400%27%20height%3D%27385%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/article-medium3-200x55.png 200w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/article-medium3-400x110.png 400w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/article-medium3-600x165.png 600w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/article-medium3-800x220.png 800w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/article-medium3-1200x330.png 1200w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/article-medium3.png 1400w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 1400px\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-12\" style=\"--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>O data pr\u00e9-processado \u00e9 basicamente o data de vendas, enriquecido com informa\u00e7\u00f5es de promo\u00e7\u00e3o (uni\u00e3o \u00e0 esquerda, veja a figura acima). Cada linha com um \u201cPromo type\u201d (tipo de promo\u00e7\u00e3o) n\u00e3o nulo corresponde a um dia em que o produto est\u00e1 em promo\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n<p>Antes de fazer a primeira implementa\u00e7\u00e3o, \u00e9 importante\u00a0<strong>avaliar a qualidade do data<\/strong>. Aqui est\u00e3o algumas diretrizes para as verifica\u00e7\u00f5es a serem realizadas:<\/p>\n<p>1. Procure os principais <strong>problemas<\/strong>\u00a0no\u00a0<strong>s\u00e9ries temporais<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<\/div><ul style=\"--awb-line-height:27.2px;--awb-icon-width:27.2px;--awb-icon-height:27.2px;--awb-icon-margin:11.2px;--awb-content-margin:38.4px;\" class=\"fusion-checklist fusion-checklist-5 fusion-checklist-default type-icons paddingList dark-text\"><li class=\"fusion-li-item\" style=\"\"><span class=\"icon-wrapper circle-no\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon awb-icon-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-li-item-content\">\n<p><strong>Intermitente<\/strong>\u00a0e\/ou muito\u00a0<strong>baixas vendas\u00a0<\/strong>(ser\u00e1 dif\u00edcil aprender uma linha de base).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><li class=\"fusion-li-item\" style=\"\"><span class=\"icon-wrapper circle-no\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon awb-icon-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-li-item-content\">\n<p><strong>As promo\u00e7\u00f5es duram muito tempo<\/strong>\u00a0e\/ou s\u00e3o muito frequentes (portanto, n\u00e3o h\u00e1 pontos data suficientes para treinar).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><li class=\"fusion-li-item\" style=\"\"><span class=\"icon-wrapper circle-no\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon awb-icon-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-li-item-content\">\n<p>Alguns\u00a0<strong>produtos<\/strong>\u00a0est\u00e3o em\u00a0<strong>m\u00faltiplas promo\u00e7\u00f5es<\/strong>\u00a0ao mesmo tempo (qual promo\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 respons\u00e1vel por essas vendas incrementais?)<\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-13\" style=\"--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>2. Defina um\u00a0<strong>granularidade<\/strong>\u00a0para o caso de uso:<\/p>\n<\/div><ul style=\"--awb-line-height:27.2px;--awb-icon-width:27.2px;--awb-icon-height:27.2px;--awb-icon-margin:11.2px;--awb-content-margin:38.4px;\" class=\"fusion-checklist fusion-checklist-6 fusion-checklist-default type-icons paddingList dark-text\"><li class=\"fusion-li-item\" style=\"\"><span class=\"icon-wrapper circle-no\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon awb-icon-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-li-item-content\">\n<p><strong>Tempo<\/strong>\u00a0granularidade: a an\u00e1lise ser\u00e1 di\u00e1ria ou semanal?<\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><li class=\"fusion-li-item\" style=\"\"><span class=\"icon-wrapper circle-no\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon awb-icon-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-li-item-content\"><strong>Item<\/strong>\u00a0granularidade: uma s\u00e9rie temporal por artigo? Por fam\u00edlia de artigos? \u00c0s vezes, o senhor n\u00e3o conseguir\u00e1 reduzir a granularidade se o n\u00famero de unidades vendidas por elemento temporal n\u00e3o for suficientemente alto ou se a s\u00e9rie temporal for muito intermitente. A\u00a0<strong>vendas agregadas\u00a0<\/strong>ser\u00e1\u00a0<strong>mais suave<\/strong>, com menos problemas de volume, mas \u00e0s vezes\u00a0<strong>falta de interpretabilidade<\/strong>.<\/div><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-14\" style=\"--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p id=\"94ba\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Portanto, se a s\u00e9rie temporal estiver suficientemente limpa, um bom ponto de partida \u00e9 adotar a abordagem mais granular (por exemplo, produto X dia, especialmente se estiver trabalhando com o Prophet, como fizemos neste projeto).<\/p>\n<p id=\"1775\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">3. Ter um\u00a0<strong>escopo claro da promo\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong>Quais produtos\/fam\u00edlias de produtos fazem parte de uma determinada promo\u00e7\u00e3o? As promo\u00e7\u00f5es s\u00e3o planejadas em n\u00edvel nacional? (se n\u00e3o, n\u00e3o se pode, por exemplo, agregar as vendas de um produto em todas as lojas de um pa\u00eds).<\/p>\n<p id=\"db4d\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Depois que o data tiver sido verificado e preparado, \u00e9 hora de modelar.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-9 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-three\" style=\"--awb-margin-bottom-small:8px;\"><h3 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:20;line-height:1.2;\">Modelagem<\/p><\/h3><\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-10 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-four\" style=\"--awb-margin-bottom-small:8px;\"><h4 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:20;line-height:1.2;\">Primeiras itera\u00e7\u00f5es e principais conclus\u00f5es<\/h4><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-15\" style=\"--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>N\u00f3s\u00a0<strong>iniciado<\/strong>\u00a0nossas primeiras itera\u00e7\u00f5es com\u00a0<a class=\"au ns\" href=\"https:\/\/facebook.github.io\/prophet\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\"><strong>Profeta<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0porque isso nos permitiu ter um\u00a0<strong>linha de base<\/strong>\u00a0muito\u00a0<strong>rapidamente<\/strong>, adicione facilmente\u00a0<a class=\"au ns\" href=\"https:\/\/facebook.github.io\/prophet\/docs\/seasonality,_holiday_effects,_and_regressors.html#additional-regressors\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\"><strong>regressores<\/strong><\/a>, e\u00a0<strong>interpretar<\/strong>\u00a0os resultados naturalmente (gra\u00e7as \u00e0 sua decomposi\u00e7\u00e3o aditiva).<\/p>\n<p>Aqui est\u00e1 um resumo dos principais aprimoramentos de itera\u00e7\u00e3o que tivemos durante o projeto:<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-element\" style=\"--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\"fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-5 hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1346\" height=\"846\" title=\"artigo-m\u00e9dio4\" src=\"https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-medium4.png\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-medium4.png\" alt class=\"lazyload img-responsive wp-image-68127\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271346%27%20height%3D%27846%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201346%20846%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271346%27%20height%3D%27846%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-medium4-200x126.png 200w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-medium4-400x251.png 400w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-medium4-600x377.png 600w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-medium4-800x503.png 800w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-medium4-1200x754.png 1200w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-medium4.png 1346w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 1346px\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-16\" style=\"--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>Basicamente, o\u00a0<strong>principais melhorias<\/strong>\u00a0estavam vindo do\u00a0<strong>regressores<\/strong>\u00a0acrescentamos:<\/p>\n<\/div><ul style=\"--awb-line-height:27.2px;--awb-icon-width:27.2px;--awb-icon-height:27.2px;--awb-icon-margin:11.2px;--awb-content-margin:38.4px;\" class=\"fusion-checklist fusion-checklist-7 fusion-checklist-default type-icons paddingList dark-text\"><li class=\"fusion-li-item\" style=\"\"><span class=\"icon-wrapper circle-no\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon awb-icon-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-li-item-content\">O manuseio de\u00a0<a class=\"au ns\" href=\"https:\/\/facebook.github.io\/prophet\/docs\/seasonality,_holiday_effects,_and_regressors.html#modeling-holidays-and-special-events\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\"><strong>eventos especiais<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0(A Black Friday foi especificamente importante)<\/div><\/li><li class=\"fusion-li-item\" style=\"\"><span class=\"icon-wrapper circle-no\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon awb-icon-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-li-item-content\">\n<p><strong>Defasagens temporais<\/strong>\u00a0(mesmo que o modelo Prophet seja autorregressivo, adicionamos defasagens de vendas passadas e vendas futuras, o que se mostrou bastante \u00fatil para a precis\u00e3o do modelo).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-17\" style=\"--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>Por fim, a adapta\u00e7\u00e3o da maneira como medimos a precis\u00e3o da previs\u00e3o (consulte a se\u00e7\u00e3o Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o abaixo) tamb\u00e9m ajudou a ter uma maneira mais precisa de avaliar o desempenho.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-11 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-four\" style=\"--awb-margin-bottom-small:8px;\"><h4 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:20;line-height:1.2;\">Por que mudamos para o XGBoost?<\/h4><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-18\" style=\"--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>Apesar do bom desempenho e da interpretabilidade do Prophet, percebemos que\u00a0<strong>O XGBoost foi o mais adequado<\/strong>, por v\u00e1rios motivos:<\/p>\n<\/div><ul style=\"--awb-line-height:27.2px;--awb-icon-width:27.2px;--awb-icon-height:27.2px;--awb-icon-margin:11.2px;--awb-content-margin:38.4px;\" class=\"fusion-checklist fusion-checklist-8 fusion-checklist-default type-icons paddingList dark-text\"><li class=\"fusion-li-item\" style=\"\"><span class=\"icon-wrapper circle-no\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon awb-icon-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-li-item-content\">T\u00ednhamos\u00a0<strong><em>mais de 1000 s\u00e9ries temporais <\/em><\/strong>portanto, o significado\u00a0<em>mais de 1000 modelos de Prophet <\/em>para treinar.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"fusion-li-item\" style=\"\"><span class=\"icon-wrapper circle-no\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon awb-icon-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-li-item-content\">O profeta tem\u00a0<strong>dificuldade de compreens\u00e3o\u00a0<em>rela\u00e7\u00f5es n\u00e3o lineares<\/em><\/strong><em class=\"mf\">\u00a0<\/em>entre os recursos e seu impacto no alvo. Esse\u00a0<em>cruzamento de caracter\u00edsticas\u00a0<\/em>O problema est\u00e1 bem descrito em\u00a0<a class=\"au ns\" href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/artefact-engineering-and-data-science\/is-facebook-prophet-suited-for-doing-good-predictions-in-a-real-world-project-44be1fe4ce91\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">este artigo<\/a>.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"fusion-li-item\" style=\"\"><span class=\"icon-wrapper circle-no\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon awb-icon-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-li-item-content\">Chegamos ao\u00a0<strong>mesmo desempenho\u00a0<\/strong>enquanto\u00a0<strong>reduzindo em\u00a0<\/strong>um fator de\u00a0<strong>10<\/strong>\u00a0o tempo de treinamento.<\/div><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-12 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\" style=\"--awb-margin-bottom-small:8px;\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:50;line-height:1.2;\">Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o e limites<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-13 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-three\" style=\"--awb-margin-bottom-small:8px;\"><h3 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:20;line-height:1.2;\">Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-19\" style=\"--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p id=\"13a0\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Conforme descrito acima, n\u00e3o h\u00e1 verdade fundamental na previs\u00e3o contrafactual, o que torna a avalia\u00e7\u00e3o do desempenho mais complexa do que na previs\u00e3o cl\u00e1ssica.<\/p>\n<p id=\"0083\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">No entanto, encontramos uma maneira de medir nosso desempenho, ou melhor, de estim\u00e1-lo com a maior precis\u00e3o poss\u00edvel. Veja como:<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-element\" style=\"--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\"fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-6 hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1400\" height=\"600\" title=\"artigo-m\u00e9dio5\" src=\"https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-medium5.png\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-medium5.png\" alt class=\"lazyload img-responsive wp-image-68128\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271400%27%20height%3D%27600%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201400%20600%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271400%27%20height%3D%27600%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-medium5-200x86.png 200w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-medium5-400x171.png 400w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-medium5-600x257.png 600w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-medium5-800x343.png 800w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-medium5-1200x514.png 1200w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-medium5.png 1400w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 1400px\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-20\" style=\"--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>Na previs\u00e3o cl\u00e1ssica, normalmente medimos o desempenho usando um\u00a0<strong>valida\u00e7\u00e3o cruzada <\/strong>estrat\u00e9gia (aqui,\u00a0<strong>janela de expans\u00e3o<\/strong>) em um determinado per\u00edodo de valida\u00e7\u00e3o (por exemplo, o \u00faltimo ano do data dispon\u00edvel). Para esse per\u00edodo de valida\u00e7\u00e3o, a janela real em que medimos o desempenho est\u00e1 mudando em cada dobra (<em>\u201cjanela de avalia\u00e7\u00e3o\u201d<\/em>), e o data anterior \u00e9 usado para os recursos de atraso (<em>\u201cData usado para fazer previs\u00f5es\u201d<\/em>). Em um caso de uso de promo\u00e7\u00e3o,\u00a0<strong>adicionamos alguns data ap\u00f3s a janela de avalia\u00e7\u00e3o <\/strong>para reproduzir o <strong>treinamento - fluxo de trabalho de infer\u00eancia<\/strong>\u00a0descrito na se\u00e7\u00e3o \u201cAbordagem proposta\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Assim, podemos aplicar essa estrat\u00e9gia de valida\u00e7\u00e3o cruzada no\u00a0<strong>subconjunto do data em que n\u00e3o h\u00e1 promo\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong>, com a Precis\u00e3o da Previs\u00e3o (FA) como m\u00e9trica.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-element\" style=\"--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\"fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-7 hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"478\" height=\"134\" title=\"artigo-m\u00e9dio6\" src=\"https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-medium6.png\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-medium6.png\" alt class=\"lazyload img-responsive wp-image-68129\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27478%27%20height%3D%27134%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20478%20134%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27478%27%20height%3D%27134%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-medium6-200x56.png 200w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-medium6-400x112.png 400w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-medium6.png 478w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 478px\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-21\" style=\"--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p id=\"3a7a\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Com essa abordagem, conseguimos chegar a um\u00a0<strong>precis\u00e3o de previs\u00e3o de quase 90%<\/strong>\u00a0com uma granularidade no n\u00edvel da fam\u00edlia X dia, o que \u00e9 um desempenho decente, compar\u00e1vel ao que conseguimos em outros projetos de previs\u00e3o cl\u00e1ssica.<\/p>\n<p id=\"4d81\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Embora esse desempenho possa ser satisfat\u00f3rio, nossa abordagem tem algumas limita\u00e7\u00f5es.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-14 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-three\" style=\"--awb-margin-bottom-small:8px;\"><h3 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:20;line-height:1.2;\">Limites<\/h3><\/div><ul style=\"--awb-line-height:27.2px;--awb-icon-width:27.2px;--awb-icon-height:27.2px;--awb-icon-margin:11.2px;--awb-content-margin:38.4px;\" class=\"fusion-checklist fusion-checklist-9 fusion-checklist-default type-icons paddingList dark-text\"><li class=\"fusion-li-item\" style=\"\"><span class=\"icon-wrapper circle-no\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon awb-icon-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-li-item-content\">Primeiro, alguns\u00a0<strong>fatores externos<\/strong>\u00a0s\u00e3o\u00a0<strong>n\u00e3o considerado<\/strong>. Por exemplo, campanhas de m\u00eddia. Esses fatores externos podem ter um impacto (positivo) nas vendas e, portanto, n\u00f3s\u00a0<strong>pode superestimar <\/strong>o\u00a0<strong>eleva\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong>\u00a0gerados pela promo\u00e7\u00e3o estudada.<\/div><\/li><li class=\"fusion-li-item\" style=\"\"><span class=\"icon-wrapper circle-no\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon awb-icon-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-li-item-content\">\n<p>Em segundo lugar, o caso do\u00a0<strong>promo\u00e7\u00f5es duradouras<\/strong>: De fato, o\u00a0<strong>remove<\/strong>\u00a0um n\u00famero importante de\u00a0<strong>datas<\/strong>\u00a0do\u00a0<strong>treinamento dataset.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><li class=\"fusion-li-item\" style=\"\"><span class=\"icon-wrapper circle-no\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon awb-icon-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-li-item-content\">\n<p>Por \u00faltimo, mas n\u00e3o menos importante, o impacto geral da promo\u00e7\u00e3o poderia ser melhorado\u00a0<strong>levando em conta<\/strong>\u00a0efeitos m\u00faltiplos, como\u00a0<strong>canibaliza\u00e7\u00e3o, efeito halo, efeitos de antecipa\u00e7\u00e3o\/armazenamento<\/strong>, que s\u00e3o detalhadas na \u00faltima se\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-15 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\" style=\"--awb-margin-bottom-small:8px;\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:50;line-height:1.2;\">Avan\u00e7os e pr\u00f3ximas etapas<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-16 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-three\" style=\"--awb-margin-bottom-small:8px;\"><h3 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:20;line-height:1.2;\">Aprimorando a modelagem<\/p><\/h3><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-22\" style=\"--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>V\u00e1rios efeitos podem ser adicionados para medir o impacto l\u00edquido de uma promo\u00e7\u00e3o:<\/p>\n<\/div><ul style=\"--awb-line-height:27.2px;--awb-icon-width:27.2px;--awb-icon-height:27.2px;--awb-icon-margin:11.2px;--awb-content-margin:38.4px;\" class=\"fusion-checklist fusion-checklist-10 fusion-checklist-default type-icons paddingList dark-text\"><li class=\"fusion-li-item\" style=\"\"><span class=\"icon-wrapper circle-no\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon awb-icon-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-li-item-content\">\n<p><strong>Canibaliza\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong>: O fato de um produto estar em promo\u00e7\u00e3o e, portanto, mais atraente, ter\u00e1 um impacto negativo sobre as vendas de um produto semelhante.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><li class=\"fusion-li-item\" style=\"\"><span class=\"icon-wrapper circle-no\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon awb-icon-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-li-item-content\">\n<p><strong>Halo<\/strong>: O fato de um produto estar em promo\u00e7\u00e3o e, portanto, mais atraente, ter\u00e1 um impacto positivo nas vendas de produtos \u201cfrequentemente comprados juntos\u201d.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><li class=\"fusion-li-item\" style=\"\"><span class=\"icon-wrapper circle-no\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon awb-icon-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-li-item-content\">\n<p><strong>Antecipa\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong>: Os clientes compram menos produtos com desconto antes de uma promo\u00e7\u00e3o, pois sabem que os pre\u00e7os ser\u00e3o mais atraentes.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><li class=\"fusion-li-item\" style=\"\"><span class=\"icon-wrapper circle-no\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon awb-icon-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-li-item-content\">\n<p><strong>Armazenamento<\/strong>: Os clientes compram menos produtos com desconto depois de uma promo\u00e7\u00e3o, pois compraram mais produtos do que o normal durante a promo\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-23\" style=\"--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p id=\"f53a\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Os dois primeiros efeitos n\u00e3o foram inclu\u00eddos em nossa an\u00e1lise devido \u00e0 granularidade escolhida (n\u00edvel da fam\u00edlia) e os dois \u00faltimos foram dif\u00edceis de quantificar minuciosamente com o tempo que t\u00ednhamos para esse projeto.<\/p>\n<p id=\"6368\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Em resumo, o\u00a0<strong>vendas adicionais l\u00edquidas\u00a0<\/strong>de uma promo\u00e7\u00e3o poderia ser representado por essa cascata:<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-element\" style=\"--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\"fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-8 hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"993\" height=\"502\" title=\"artigo-m\u00e9dio7\" src=\"https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-medium7.png\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-medium7.png\" alt class=\"lazyload img-responsive wp-image-68130\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27993%27%20height%3D%27502%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20993%20502%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27993%27%20height%3D%27502%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-medium7-200x101.png 200w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-medium7-400x202.png 400w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-medium7-600x303.png 600w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-medium7-800x404.png 800w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-medium7.png 993w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 993px\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-17 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-three\" style=\"--awb-margin-bottom-small:8px;\"><h3 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:20;line-height:1.2;\">Indo al\u00e9m da an\u00e1lise a posteriori<\/p><\/h3><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-24\" style=\"--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>Como dito anteriormente, uma vez que a an\u00e1lise (posterior) das promo\u00e7\u00f5es anteriores tenha sido feita (<em>est\u00e1gio A<\/em>), ent\u00e3o \u00e9 poss\u00edvel\u00a0<strong>ir al\u00e9m<\/strong>\u00a0por\u00a0<strong>prever a lucratividade de\u00a0<em class=\"mf\">futuro<\/em>\u00a0promo\u00e7\u00f5es<\/strong>\u00a0(<em>est\u00e1gio B<\/em>) e, finalmente, propor um\u00a0<strong>otimiza\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong>\u00a0do\u00a0<strong>plano de promo\u00e7\u00f5es<\/strong>\u00a0(<em>est\u00e1gio C<\/em>).<\/p>\n<p>Obviamente, prever (estimar) a lucratividade futura de uma promo\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 mais dif\u00edcil do que estimar a lucratividade de uma promo\u00e7\u00e3o anterior, pois temos\u00a0<strong>n\u00e3o h\u00e1 data dispon\u00edvel na promo\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong>. A ideia \u00e9\u00a0<strong>reutiliza\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong>\u00a0o\u00a0<strong>modelo<\/strong>\u00a0desenvolvido no est\u00e1gio A\u00a0<strong>usando<\/strong>\u00a0data que n\u00e3o \u00e9 o data hist\u00f3rico, mas\u00a0<strong>previs\u00e3o de data a partir de um modelo de previs\u00e3o cl\u00e1ssico<\/strong>, como segue:<\/p>\n<p>Primeiro, treine o modelo de previs\u00e3o cl\u00e1ssico no data dispon\u00edvel (at\u00e9 hoje):<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-element\" style=\"--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\"fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-9 hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1245\" height=\"636\" title=\"artigo-m\u00e9dio8\" src=\"https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-medium8.png\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-medium8.png\" alt class=\"lazyload img-responsive wp-image-68131\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271245%27%20height%3D%27636%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201245%20636%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271245%27%20height%3D%27636%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-medium8-200x102.png 200w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-medium8-400x204.png 400w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-medium8-600x307.png 600w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-medium8-800x409.png 800w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-medium8-1200x613.png 1200w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-medium8.png 1245w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 1245px\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-25\" style=\"--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>Em seguida, fa\u00e7a as previs\u00f5es com esse modelo (o per\u00edodo a ser previsto deve abranger o intervalo de recursos temporais que ser\u00e3o usados pelo \u201cmodelo de linha de base\u201d):<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-element\" style=\"--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\"fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-10 hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1246\" height=\"645\" title=\"artigo-mediul9\" src=\"https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-mediul9.png\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-mediul9.png\" alt class=\"lazyload img-responsive wp-image-68132\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271246%27%20height%3D%27645%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201246%20645%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271246%27%20height%3D%27645%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-mediul9-200x104.png 200w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-mediul9-400x207.png 400w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-mediul9-600x311.png 600w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-mediul9-800x414.png 800w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-mediul9-1200x621.png 1200w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-mediul9.png 1246w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 1246px\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-26\" style=\"--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>Por fim, use o modelo de linha de base treinado usando recursos temporais com base nas previs\u00f5es do primeiro modelo e estime a linha de base, que fornecer\u00e1 o aumento de vendas:<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-element\" style=\"--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\"fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-11 hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1244\" height=\"651\" title=\"artigo-m\u00e9dio10\" src=\"https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-medium10.png\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-medium10.png\" alt class=\"lazyload img-responsive wp-image-68133\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271244%27%20height%3D%27651%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201244%20651%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271244%27%20height%3D%27651%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-medium10-200x105.png 200w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-medium10-400x209.png 400w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-medium10-600x314.png 600w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-medium10-800x419.png 800w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-medium10-1200x628.png 1200w, https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/article-medium10.png 1244w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 1244px\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-27\" style=\"--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u00c9 claro que esse processo tem mais incerteza por constru\u00e7\u00e3o, j\u00e1 que os erros dos dois modelos empilhados ser\u00e3o correlacionados.<\/p>\n<p>Por fim, para poder otimizar o plano de promo\u00e7\u00f5es, a estrat\u00e9gia consiste em usar o que foi feito na etapa anterior para\u00a0<strong>escolher<\/strong>\u00a0o\u00a0<strong>melhor combina\u00e7\u00e3o de par\u00e2metros de promo\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong>\u00a0a fim de\u00a0<strong>otimizar<\/strong>\u00a0a\u00a0<strong>m\u00e9trica de neg\u00f3cios<\/strong>\u00a0como o ROI.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-18 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\" style=\"--awb-margin-bottom-small:8px;\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:50;line-height:1.2;\">Conclus\u00e3o<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-28\" style=\"--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>Usando\u00a0<strong>previs\u00e3o contrafactual<\/strong>\u00a0para solucionar problemas de neg\u00f3cios \u00e9 o\u00a0<strong>n\u00e3o \u00e9 uma tarefa comum<\/strong>\u00a0que podem ser encontrados na literatura.<\/p>\n<p>No entanto, vimos que poderia ser um\u00a0<strong>ferramenta poderosa<\/strong>\u00a0para resolver o problema da\u00a0<strong>avalia\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong>\u00a0completamente o\u00a0<strong>desempenho<\/strong>\u00a0de\u00a0<strong>promo\u00e7\u00f5es anteriores<\/strong>, por <strong>previs\u00e3o de vendas hipot\u00e9ticas<\/strong>\u00a0(<strong><em class=\"mf\">linha de base<\/em><\/strong>) se n\u00e3o tivesse havido nenhuma promo\u00e7\u00e3o. Tamb\u00e9m exploramos recomenda\u00e7\u00f5es para a engenharia de recursos para um modelo autorregressivo (Prophet) ou gradiente de aumento (XGBoost). Por fim, detalhamos algumas diretrizes para refinar ainda mais a an\u00e1lise e tamb\u00e9m ir al\u00e9m da an\u00e1lise a posteriori.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-29\" style=\"--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p><em>Agrade\u00e7o aos colegas cientistas do data que trabalharam comigo neste projeto: Kasra e Ombeline. Agrade\u00e7o tamb\u00e9m aos <a href=\"https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/br\/\">Artefactors<\/a> que revisou este artigo.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/article><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-6 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-margin-top:40px;--awb-margin-bottom:40px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-center fusion-flex-justify-content-center fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:calc( 1440px + 20px );margin-left: calc(-20px \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-20px \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-5 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column fusion-flex-align-self-center\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:40px;--awb-padding-right:40px;--awb-padding-bottom:40px;--awb-padding-left:40px;--awb-overflow:hidden;--awb-bg-position:left center;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-border-color:rgba(10,17,40,0.1);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-border-radius:4px 4px 4px 4px;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:10px;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:10px;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:10px;--awb-spacing-left-medium:10px;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:10px;--awb-spacing-left-small:10px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper lazyload fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-center fusion-content-layout-column fusion-column-has-bg-image\" data-bg-url=\"https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/background.jpg\" data-bg=\"https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/background.jpg\"><div class=\"fusion-image-element\" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-margin-right:20px;--awb-margin-left:20px;--awb-max-width:150px;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\"fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-12 hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"72\" height=\"41\" title=\"m\u00e9dio\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%2772%27%20height%3D%2741%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%2072%2041%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%2772%27%20height%3D%2741%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/medium.png\" alt class=\"lazyload img-responsive wp-image-60927\"\/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-19 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-center fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-three\" style=\"--awb-margin-top:20px;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:8px;\"><h3 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-center fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:20;line-height:1.2;\">M\u00e9dia Blog por Artefact.<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-30\" style=\"--awb-content-alignment:center;\"><p>Este artigo foi publicado inicialmente no <strong>Medium.com<\/strong>.<br \/>\nSiga-nos em nosso Medium Blog !<\/p>\n<\/div><div style=\"text-align:center;\"><a class=\"fusion-button button-flat button-medium button-default fusion-button-default button-1 fusion-button-default-span fusion-button-default-type\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/artefact-engineering-and-data-science\/forecasting-something-that-never-happened-how-we-estimated-past-promotions-profitability-5f55cfa1d477\"><span class=\"fusion-button-text awb-button__text awb-button__text--default\">Leia nosso artigo<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Um guia sobre como usar a previs\u00e3o contrafactual para estimar o custo-benef\u00edcio de promo\u00e7\u00f5es passadas na loja no varejo.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":68676,"parent":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"ep_exclude_from_search":false},"blog-category":[21939],"blog-language":[2991],"class_list":["post-68117","blog","type-blog","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","blog-category-medium","blog-language-en"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog\/68117","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/blog"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/68676"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=68117"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"blog-category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog-category?post=68117"},{"taxonomy":"blog-language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.artefact.com\/br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog-language?post=68117"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}